Why Copyright Laws Are Important Today s Business World

Assignment Unit 4 Introduction The progress and well-being of humanity lays on its capacity to create and invent new works in the areas of technology and culture. The promotion and protection of intellectual property encourages the commitment of additional resources for further innovation, spurs economic growth, creates new jobs and industries, and enhances the quality and enjoyment of life. (WIPO, n.d.) In this essay I am going to discuss why copyright laws are important in today’s business world and why copying software and other resources is called â€Å"piracy†. Why copyright laws are important in today’s business world Copyright laws protect certain kinds of original works, such as books, compact discs, films, and software. Creations such as the aforementioned are referred to as â€Å"intellectual property†. Intellectual property is divided into two categories: 1. Industrial Property, which includes patents for inventions, trademarks, industrial designs and geographical indications. 2. Copyright, which covers literary works, films, music, artistic works and architectural design. (WIPO, n.d.) The industries dealing with copyrighted material in 2002 made up more than 5 percent of the U.S. gross national product and totaled almost $350 billion. (Markgraf, n.d.) Copyright benefits the creator of a work. By assigning exclusive rights to copyright holders, the laws ensure that only the creator or those who have received permission to copy can perform or alter the works. ThisShow MoreRelatedWhy Are Patents Important For Technology?1745 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: What is a Patent? (Natashua Hester) A patent is a limit of property rights that are related to an idea or an invention, which is granted by the United States Patent Trademark Office (Ji, 2011). Patents laws were created in 1787 by Constitution Article I 8 Class 3, which regulates commerce within a foreign nations, states and the trade of Indian tribes (Calvert, 2016). The U.S. Constitution Article I Class 8 stated that progress innovated by Science and Arts are secured by limitedRead MoreQuestions On Intellectual Property Rights1475 Words   |  6 PagesDebate Paper: Intellectual Property Rights The world that exists today was built on two things: innovation and the pursuit of one’s self interest. Our founding founders believed intellectual property to be a way to encourage innovation. Intellectual property (IP) is what ties these two building blocks together. IP is a property right that is granted by some form of government. The government strictly enforces individual property rights, which some believe tends to attract more investment, grows fasterRead MoreCriminal Copyright And Intellectual Property Laws1736 Words   |  7 PagesCriminal copyright infringement can come in many forms. Anything that has been created by one’s mind can technically be considered intellectual property. While the initial idea itself is not something that can be protected by copyright law, patents and actual plans from ideas can be. Many copyright cases are of a civil nature. This occurs when a person or organization feels their intellectual property has been used without their con sent and want either compensation or for the accused party to ceaseRead MoreCensorship And The Media Of Censorship1407 Words   |  6 Pagescontrol over such a vast expanse of land. Whatever was said between people, whatever was written by the press, whatever was televised, all were soon subjected to censorship. This brings us back to the Internet; it comes to no surprise that even the World Wide Web was, and currently is, subjected to great amounts of censorship. Government Surveillance - is the act of carefully observing someone or something in order to detect and prevent dangerous, or unlawful behaviors and actions such as crime. ToRead MoreThe Evolution Of The Music Industry1686 Words   |  7 Pagesin 1990 and to iTunes in 2003, the music industry has become an important global industry in last 50 years. The evolution of the music industry has given a boom to the economic activity in many geographical scales. Technological development has been playing an effective role for th e evolution of the music industries. Looking back at the success of these music businesses, it used to be all about fun, dignity, entertainment and business. There were no issues regarding our social and cultural valuesRead MoreShould Copyright Law Be Changed?1949 Words   |  8 PagesShould Copyright Law Be Changed? We often experience the effects of copyright law on a day to day basis without even realizing it. Whether we are uploading a video to Youtube or just listening to our favorite songs over the internet, copyright law affects us. For example, nearly everyone who has spent time on Youtube has come across a video that has been taken down due to a copyright claim. Also, listening to Pandora radio for an extended period of time will leave users with a prompt to verifyRead MoreMedia Piracy1584 Words   |  7 Pagesusage today, and debating the global and ethical views, one can see how this is an issue we cannot ignore. Media Piracy 1 INTRODUCTION The term â€Å"piracy† has traditionally been associated with images of skulls, ships, and rum, but in the modern age there is a new definition of piracy that affects our everyday lives in ways society may not have even detected. Media piracy is the illegal downloading or the duplication and distribution of music, movies, TV shows and software [1]. The World Wide WebRead MoreInternet Piracy Harms Artists By Phil Gardson1033 Words   |  5 Pagesact a law against these types of crimes to help protect artists. Philip Gardson is a composer, lyricist, and a music publisher. He is most notable as a songwriter, who writes songs and lyrics to producers, recording artists, managers, and labels. Gardson’s most notable works are Save the Best for Last and The Sweetest Days, recorded by Vanessa Williams; Fly and The Last to Know, which are among five recorded by Celine Dion; One Voice, which was recorded by Brandy, and was UNICEF s themeRead MoreLegal Issues Involve D in Ecommerce2489 Words   |  10 Pagesof the Internet and online activity raise a number of new regulatory issues and legal questions. The power of the Web to reach the world carries with it a variety of legal issues, often related to intellectual property concerns, copyright, trademark, privacy, etc., particularly in the context of doing business on the Internet. Authorities seeking to apply their laws in traditional ways or to expand legal control over international links face many challenges due to the global nature of the InternetRead MoreThe Tightening Of New Items And Technology On The Loose2955 Words   |  12 PagesThe world today is built more with respect to data and data engineering. Data is characterized as learning picked up through study, correspondence, examination, or direction. When somebody makes this information utilizing their brains, who claims this data? Does this scholarly data get to be open area, profiting society, or can this data be secured with the goal that money related addition can happen as a result of this thought? Originators of new items and advances must comprehend the distinctiv e

The On The Good Life Essay - 1363 Words

The concept of living â€Å"the good life† means something different for everyone. There is a general understanding that living â€Å"the good life† is associated with unyielding happiness and lasting satisfaction. The exact meaning of this desired life was pondered by thinkers and philosophers for hundreds of years. They constructed principals of behavior, thought, and obligation that would categorize a person as â€Å"good†. Although some of these ancient philosophies about â€Å"the good life† had overlapping ideas, their concepts varied widely. This contrast of ideas can be examined through two major characters in two famous works: Aeneas in â€Å"The Aeneid† and Socrates in â€Å"The Apology†. Aeneas exemplifies the philosophy that the direct route to â€Å"the good life is through faith, trust in the Gods, and family, while Socrates in â€Å"The Apology† emphasizes free will, and vast knowledge of life. Aeneas shows great commit ment to the Gods throughout his mission in â€Å"The Aeneid†. He believes this devotion and trust in the divine is the meaning of â€Å"the good life†. He is so devoted to his duty that he introduces himself to strangers by stating his service to the Gods. He states, I am Aeneas, duty-bound, and known Above high air of heaven by my fame, Carrying with me in my ships our gods Of hearth and home, saved from the enemy. I look for Italy to be my fatherland, And my descent is from all-highest Jove (Aeneid, 1.519-524) Aeneas makes rash life decisions and gives up his own personal desiresShow MoreRelatedThe Good Life Is Life1306 Words   |  6 PagesThe good life is life that should be focused on it’s true denotation, a present body life, not an afterlife. A key aspect of the good life is that it puts goals, dreams, and aspirations in the main focus. The good life is not a refusal of God and eternity, rather places the religious ideas in the background to allow for full pleasure by the individual. In addition, the good life cherishes the small things in life and places importance on the finite, at risk, unique parts in the journey of an individualRead MoreThe Good Life Is A Happy Life1510 Words   |  7 PagesThe good life is a happy life and is what everybody wants. But what does it mean to have a good life? Everybody has different ideas of a good life. By definition good life mean, balanced lifestyle accomplished goals and dreams that are beneficial to them or loved ones, an education, a nd stability through relationships, work and money. All are elements of good life, but as long as you are happy with yourself, you are having a good life. Life can be abounding in material comforts and luxuries. EverybodyRead MoreQuality Of Life As A Good Life1146 Words   |  5 PagesQuality of life (QOL) means a good life and we believe that a good life is the same as living a life with a high quality. This may seem evident, but it is necessary to make such a simple clarification, because medical jargon often uses very narrow concepts of the quality of life (for example, side effect profiles). Medical advertisements often depict the quality of life as one factor among many, on a par with other improvements that a certain medical product promises. In this work, the quality ofRead MoreWhy Is The Good Life?1279 Words   |  6 PagesSiddhartha soon discovers, Enlightenment-his good life-requires much sacrifice whether it be in the tangible form of food and luxuries or the emotional cost of leaving home. Ismene, in Antigone faces a dilemma when her headstrong sister bade her to help bury their brother which would lead to the forfeiture of their lives. Although the good life seems to imply a sense of ease and pleasantry, nothing worth having comes freely which is why achieving the good life may come at the cost of sacrifices, in whichRead MoreWhat Is A Good Life?1139 Words   |  5 Pageslive well is to live morally. However, as argued by Dworkin in his essay â€Å"What is a Good Life?† high morality does not necessarily equate a high standard of living. Indeed, following austere morals and ethics may lead to an unsatisfying life. For instance, adopting Singer’s approach to absolute morality, as outlined in â€Å"Famine, Affluence, and Morality† would pose a significant hindrance to one’s pursuit of a good life. An approach more conducive to a satisfying lifestyle is moral balancing, a phenomenaRead MoreAristotle Is A Good Life?1211 Words   |  5 Pagesand his works are widely utilized by academics and non-academics when discussing the common theme, â€Å"what is a good life?† Within many of his works Aristotle has addressed the concept of â€Å"eudaimonia.† Simply defined, eudaimonia is, â€Å"happiness or flourishing.† However, Aristotle defined eudaimonia a little bit differently, he claimed that eudaimonia was reaching one s ultimate human good by living well and completing one’s ultimate goals (flourishing). The concept of Eudaimonia is thought toRead MoreAristotle : The Good Life1708 Words   |  7 PagesAristotle: The Good Life Aristotle along with Plato and Socrates are three of the first and arguably the most important philosophers when it comes to modern day philosophy and ethics. Aristotle’s work extended beyond ethics and philosophy into scientific thought where he was a very important figure in that field as well. One of Aristotle’s greatest works was the Nicomachean Ethics. In Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle explores how people should live and concentrates on the individual’s ethical responsibilitiesRead MoreThe Nature Of The Good Life1295 Words   |  6 PagesPhilosophers have been thinking about the nature of the good life since ancient times. The good life was a central topic during the ancient period of philosophy. Many people say that the good life is living a prosperous life full of happiness. There are many different ideologies of the good life and each philosopher has their own values and beliefs. I decided to pick one of the most well known philosophers, Karl Marx. Karl Marx’s philosophy is by far one of the most looked at. He called capitalismRead MorePerpetua And The Good Life781 Words   |  4 PagesCicero agree that the good life should be followed. Perpetua thinks that the good life is found in only one way, by staying true to her faith. However, Cicero thinks that the good life is achieved by being morally good and that people achieve a state of happiness when following this type of life. Although they have different views of the good life, their writings agree that living the good life produces happiness and should be pursued. Perpetua is concerned with living a good life following God andRead MoreThe Importance Of A Good Life843 Words   |  4 Pagesconsidered a good life? Many people in this world have different ideas on what a good life is, and how to fulfill their dreams and feel accomplished. It also depends on if you are a male or female, there can be many different reasons and ideas of a good life. Many people say money is the most important key to a good life. There are also many people that have never had the opportunity to make their life a good one. There are so many obstacles that could get in the way of making your life great. Many

Bridging Technologies for Patients and Suppliers- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theBridging Technologies for Patients Protection and Suppliers. Answer: Introduction With regard to data effectiveness, the healthcare centers confront several difficulties. Nowadays, conditions of several healthcare firms are becoming critical. The delicate data goes through various touch points and centers, including specialists, medical caretakers, patients, protection suppliers and labs, and needs to move quickly as emergencies or crisis happens immediately. There is a need of some secured bridging technology so that the large amount of data will be traded off quickly, and safely, and guarantee that the patient classification and information security should be ensured along with every work process performed in health care center. This immense push for proficient and cost effective procedures to manage patients data has also driven the healthcare centers to move from documents and fax communication systems to cloud-based protected computerized data work processes. Today, most of the healthcare firms utilize secure messaging as well as scanned medical records as a bridging technology for easy and smooth storage of patients medical records. Bridging Technology Healthcare departments empower the enhanced advanced coordination of medical healthcare between unaffiliated frameworks, including the data sharing of finished wellbeing records, huge picture documents, and test outcomes. Bridging technology will extraordinarily diminish the extra burden of keeping medical records by the healthcare coordination groups, and will also drive down the expenses, and enhance the patients experiences. Since protection, as well as security, is fundamental while participating in Healthcare associated informing, suppliers must avoid the potential risk to guard the data. Bridging technologies simply become a bridge to fill the huge gap between the clinicians and the technology. The bridging technology implementation gives the scale as well as the scope of EHR or EMR installations that occur and maintain to occur in the coming five years.Bridging technologies digitizes the clinical as well as business records plus accelerates the transition to the EMR. Success s tarts when health centers with have right technology. At Bridging, health centers value as well as mentor each member of health centers growing team. Overview of bridging technologies Secure Messaging: Switching from hand-written records, fax, messenger, and email to computerized records and secure correspondences; it spares time and cash for Healthcare experts. X-rays of patients can be messaged from experts to specialists, outlines and lab results can be shared among specialists and authorities, protection cases can be assisted, and medicinal structures can be rounded out and marked electronically (Uzuntarla, 2016). At the point, when these exchanges are approved and secured all through the trade, medicinal services laborers increment profitability and patients could give and get data quickly, without stressing on their health care data that could be in danger Scanned Medical Records: Managing persistent wellbeing records, medicines, and transcripts electronically have radically enhanced the proficiency of patients' data. Medical Records Scanning administrations help Practices, Hospitals, and Clinics add paper-based Patient Charts to EMR and EHR Systems (DePasse, Chen, Sawyer, JethwaniSim, 2014). As an expanding number of Healthcare Organizations actualize EMR and EHR Systems, the significance of Medical Records checking is developing exponentially. Numerous clinicians have stood by the truth that, filtering the majority of the inheritance tolerant graph data is frequently a greater test than at first anticipated. Use Effectiveness of Bridging Technologies Use and effectiveness of Secure Messaging: Secure, HIPAA-agreeable content informing arrangements are amazingly imperative in the realm of present-day prescription. These applications can help specialists, medical attendants, and other clinic staff, to streamline the productivity of their patient care, enhances work processes, and limit interferences (Holden, 2014). Also, a solitary devoted interchanges stage can enable the medical staff to speak with each other all the more adequately when outside of work, while as yet staying agreeable with HIPAA benchmarks, and keeping away from conceivably soak fines. Moreover, the secured information doesn't simply enable the medical staff to plainly become more productive. Secure messaging is a great way to secure information and enable health centre to accomplish better patient results. Securing individual data while it's on the Smartphone and requiring a PIN code to get messages related to individual data. This provides the capability for ben eficiaries to recognize the senders message and comprehend the setting around the message as opposed to receive a sketchy note from an unknown number. Capacity to track the status of a message, when it had been got, opened, and so forth. Use and effectiveness of Scanned Medical Records: From a healing facility director's view, the presentation of an EMR framework may appear to be overwhelming, be that as it may, the $14.6 billion in government give financing expects to make this change to the computerized records administration less excruciating for doctors facilities(McIntosh Bishop, 2016).HITECH commanded that healing facility must give confirmation of EMR framework transformation for 80% of patients, keeping in mind the end goal to get further concede financing. As the reception of electronic restorative records to proceed with, it is vital that medicinal service suppliers change over to computerized records administration, to profit both the patient and the social insurance supplier. The exchange of medical records between the workplaces is less tedious and considerably more proficient. Healing facility stays are lessened with more productive procedures and programmed steering of medical data. Fewer oversights a re made that could influence the tolerant care since persistent data can be effortlessly get and put away from any office, doctor's facility, or practice. Despite the fact, that Healthcare suppliers have been eased back to embrace the electronic restorative records, the proceeding with the slant towards this speedier, more proficient plan of action is drawing nearer (Haun, Lind, Shimada Simon, 2013). The doctors anxious to grasp this innovation will be at the front line of their industry with less record-related blunders and better administration. Bridging technologies real world implementation Secure Messaging influences to secure and affirm, easy to share, and consent restorative records in social insurance focuses (Whitacre, 2016). Secure informing causes Centers to gain by social insurance's computerized change by unraveling the worries examined already and conveying a work process device that offers something beyond encryption (Shenson, Cronin, Davis, Chen Jackson, 2015). Secure Messaging empowers the healthcare experts in any approved part to share, track, as well as control the wellbeing related records and documents safely. Additionally, Secure Messaging turns into a gainful apparatus, empowering clinicians to e-sign and approve work processes and trade substantial records without endangering information trustworthiness or protection. Secure Messaging incorporates effectively into regular email programs plus completely practical on cell phones, giving clients the secured information, emails, and document sharing. Sending secured messages has turned into an accepted method for imparting the overall population. It's advantageous and quick. The recipient is responsible for when to peruse and answer to a message, and overlooking it if it's not pressing, and answering when critical. Short and significant messages are a perfect method for imparting rapidly and effectively. The ascent of PDAs in the overall population likewise mirrored their utilization in social insurance. There are several examinations that finish up the ascent of cell phones as well as tablets among doctors. The pattern is prevalent to the point, that numerous healing centers have received BYOD approaches (Ben-AssuliLeshno, 2013). Albeit mechanically sharp specialists are bringing cell phones into their working environment, advancement in clinic correspondence hasn't definitely changed since the presentation of the pager. With such vast numbers of accessible alternatives and gadgets, no massive surprise, a breakdown in correspondence is a typical issue in clinics. Truth be told, as indicated by a Joint charge report, it's attached to over 70% of all detailed sentinel occasions in 2013. Patients have the privilege to get the duplicates of most restorative records. Specialists' notes, therapeutic test outcomes, lab reports as well as charging data should be provided if legitimately asked. Electronic records administration and programming framework make assuming quick and proficient to hunt, find and give those records (Peters Khan, 2014). Today, more than 45,000 patients also have agreed to accept the checking technique since at first taking off. Scanned medical records likewise have been examined by different methods for recognizable proof, for example, restorative cards with standardized identifications, however, chose palm filtering is more precise. Understanding the security of patients records is likewise banded together with numerous other healing facilities that have been arranged around the country. However, data between the doctor's facilities aren't shared as well as palm scanning systems aren't trying to therapeutic records. When examining the medical rec ords, Patient Charts and Quality Control or Management is fundamental. That is the reason we survey each picture to guarantee the lucidness and quality. Each picture is precisely examined to guarantee that nothing misses out amid the checking procedure. Checking medicinal records into an electronic shape has many advantages yet beginning this procedure can overpower (Palen, 2013). In case that medicinal services centers outsource the filtering and do it without anyone else's help, an extraordinary checking organization can offer the proficient counsel keeping in mind the end goal to make the progress as effortless as could be allowed. Pros and cons of bridging technologies entry point to EMR adoption Pros and cons of Secure Messaging Pros: With too much restorative and money related data coursing, the centers need to think about secure informing and record sharing arrangements that adjust to HIPAA prerequisites without trading off the usefulness and work process of their current email Pal, Biswas Mukhopadhyay, 2015). Secure Messaging coordinates effortlessly into regular email programs as well as is completely utilitarian on cell phones, furnishing your clients with secure informing, e-marks, document sharing, and in addition, messaging the following ideal in their current email utilizing the accessible email addresses (KazleyOzcan, 2013). Cons: Data ruptures happen for an assortment of reasons, counting from programmers, accidental email botches, deliberate information spillage, burglary or removal of tablets and electronic gadgets, and unapproved access to data servers and documents (Burmeister, 2017). The results of an unapproved revelation of patients private social insurance and budgetary data are noteworthy and incorporate powerful fines and punishments for rebelliousness claims and harmed notorieties. For instance, since 2009, secured wellbeing information of roughly 31.4 million individuals in the Australia and US has been traded off in security breaks, bringing about $25.1 billion in fines against the Medical or Healthcare Centers. Pros and cons of Scanned Medical Records Pros: The storage of therapeutic records is a region where electronic restorative records appear to have an edge. Healing facilities and medicinal suppliers regularly have distribution centers loaded with paper-based medical records. One big advantage of Scanned Medical Records is that this typeface is pretty much institutionalized and clear over all medical records (Choi, Kuo, Goodwin Lee, 2016). Scanned medical records save time as well as money of healthcare centers Be that as it may; specialists or their partners who are new to the accepted procedures of word handling innovation may discover it tedious to enter the medical records electronically. Other fundamental advantages of Scanned Medical Records are that it is very easy to impart them to different experts momentarily by means of electronic transmission and direct access to capacity framework. Cons: Scanned medical records have a few security vulnerabilities.Scanned medical records can be altered by hackers and the unauthorized individuals within the department can also gain access by breaking the electronic defense of the storage system. Scanned medical records can sometimes face the problem of accessibility due to system crashes and other electronic failures. Conclusion This study concludes that social insurance centers see the move towards the electronic information like a tradeoff amongst proficiency and protection. Examining and disposal of a paper-based medical records are attainable, as utilization of an electronic medical record that incorporates access to the previous therapeutic record as archive pictures is viewed as satisfactory by a larger part of the doctors in several clinical offices. Restorative records filtering experts have the ability to file and output any level of therapeutic records in an auspicious way as well as at a very sensible cost. The strict healthcare protection rules make the secure messaging informing an extreme pitch to mind suppliers. More secure informing is expected to live up to their desires. References Ben-Assuli, O., Leshno, M. (2013). Using Electronic Medical Records in Admission Decisions: A Cost Effectiveness Analysis.Decision Sciences, 44(3), 463-481. Burmeister, O. (2017). Further considerations in EMR adoption. Journal Of The Association For Information Science And Technology, 68(7), 1804-1804. Choi, J., Kuo, Y., Goodwin, J., Lee, J. (2016). Association of EMR Adoption with Minority Health Care Outcome Disparities in US Hospitals. Healthcare Informatics Research, 22(2), 101. DePasse, J., Chen, C., Sawyer, A., Jethwani, K., Sim, I. (2014). Academic Medical Centers as digital health catalysts. Healthcare, 2(3), 173-176. Faullant, R., Fuller, J., Matzler, K. (2012). Mobile Audience Interaction Explaining the Adoption of New Mobile Service Applications in Socially Enriched Environments. Engineering Management Research, 1(1). Haun, J., Lind, J., Shimada, S., Simon, S. (2013). EVALUATING SECURE MESSAGING FROM THE VETERAN PERSPECTIVE: INFORMING THE ADOPTION AND SUSTAINED USE OF A PATIENT-DRIVEN COMMUNICATION PLATFORM. Annals Of Anthropological Practice, 37(2), 57-74. Holden, W. (2014). Bridging the Culture Gap Between Healthcare IT and Medical Device Development. Biomedical Instrumentation Technology, 48(s2), 22-28. Kazley, A., Ozcan, Y. (2013). Organizational and Environmental Determinants of Hospital EMR Adoption: A National Study. Journal Of Medical Systems, 31(5), 375-384. McIntosh, B., Bishop, C. (2016). The need for excellence centres in clinical imaging. British Journal Of Healthcare Management, 22(3), 102-103. Ostrovsky, A., Barnett, M. (2014). Accelerating change: Fostering innovation in healthcare delivery at academic medical centers. Healthcare, 2(1), 9-13. Pal, S., Biswas, B., Mukhopadhyay, A. (2015). Framework to Analyze EMR - EHR Adoption at an Indian Healthcare Conglomerate. SSRN Electronic Journal. Palen, T. (2013). Personal Health Records and Medical Care UseReply. JAMA, 309(8), 767. Peters, S., Khan, M. (2014). Electronic health records: current and future use. Journal Of Comparative Effectiveness Research, 3(5), 515-522. Shenson, J., Cronin, R., Davis, S., Chen, Q., Jackson, G. (2015). Rapid growth in surgeons use of secure messaging in a patient portal. Surgical Endoscopy, 30(4), 1432-1440. Uzuntarla, Y. (2016). Analyzing of family healthcare centers usage. Balkan Military Medical Review, 19(3), 105. https://dx.doi.org/10.5455/bmmr.218736 Whitacre, B. (2016). The Influence of the Degree of Rurality on EMR Adoption, by Physician Specialty. Health Services Research, 52(2), 616-633.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy formulation-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Develop and Describe a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) formulation and treatment plan for a Case Study. Answer: Background of the patient: The client in the case study is called James. He is a thin guy without any mentioned physical or mental disorder. However behavioural issues had been depicted by the client himself. He lives a happy family life with his wife and three children. They have financial stability as both are working. James work in a music company and his wife acts as registered nurse. Both have been in a stable relationship from the time of school and maintain a comfortable life in each others presence. However, most of the work in maintaining a proper social life is conducted by Jamess wife as he is not comfortable in socialising with people. He states that he lacks the courage to communicate with someone new in his daily life. He faces anxiety when any responsibilities on him regarding communication of performing any social duties arise. Her wife is very helpful and therefore she does all the social duties of the family without pressuring him or blaming him. He was working in small locally owned music st ore where few members worked previously and he developed bonding with them. He was comfortable with the slow pace of work and the warm relationships shared by all. However the company has been now taken over by national music Chain Company and work culture has changed. The fast paced work culture had become difficult for him to handle as it has exposed him to a wide number of customers with whom he needs to talk properly. From the childhood, his behaviour had not affected him much as he had been able to establish his career and a married life. However coming to this age, the problems of his shyness and inability talk at social level had aroused tension in him as he fears to lose his financial strength and also fears the embarrassments he has to go onwards from now on. Details of the problems and formulation: From the evaluation of the symptoms of the patients, the client is diagnosed to be suffering from social anxiety disorder. Dating back to childhood, it can be stated that he had suffered from selective mutism which is one of the forms of social anxiety disorders. As a phobia or communication, a child or an adult with this disorder in front of an individual person or a group of people is unable to speak properly although he has idea about what needs to be spoken to them (Lischenring et al., 2013). In simple words, they are fully capable of speaking but cannot speak in certain situations as they fear or become anxious before initiating the speech. It usually begins form the age of 2.7 to 4.1 years of age which is long before the mean age of social anxiety disorder arises. It gradually becomes apparent when the child enters a communal environment outside the family home for first time (Goldin et al., 2014). If not treated, it continues even to adulthood disrupting the development of qua lity life. Researchers over the years have identified the main causes of the disorder. Different trauma in childhood, minimal brain dysfunction or neuropsychological social cue processing disorder may be a cause. However no such cases are reported for him (Lischenring et al., 2013). The main causes which align with James upbringing is particular parent profile and parent-child relationship. As both the members have been reserved and his father was shy, he had adopted the traits in his cognitive development as researchers state that children pick up traits and characters form parents in their early life as they spend most of the time with them during their cognitive phase of development (Goldin et al., 2014. Until these days, his wife had done most of the work on the social front and therefore his symptoms of social anxiety disorder did not affect his life. He also could not make friends due to his issues of shyness and anxiety to speak to new people. However these are now affecting his professional life and he needs to handle the symptoms effectively. He has always escaped the situations of social communication as his wife had been proactive and considerate of his issues. However in the professional front, he needs to communicate with customers effectively to maintain sales and customer satisfaction. Therefore he has come to consultation centre. The different triggers which have been identified for the client are being introduced to other people (Handling new customers and also making new friends), having to say something in a formal as well as public situation (Like arranging and hosting social gathering), meeting people in authority (like in case of handling parent-teachers meeting in school for his children). Other triggers include feeling insecure and out of place in social situations and also getting embarrassed easily. Moreover others noticed were not meeting eyes and also making phone calls and others. All these need to be handled effectively to make hi m overcome the barriers. Treatment plan: Evidence based journals are of the opinion that cognitive development therapy has proved to be exceptionally beneficial for handling social anxiety disorders. After the completion of this therapy, people have been seen to suffer no longer from fear and anxiety before social communications. Appropriate therapy has been found to be successful in modifying peoples thoughts, feelings, behaviour as well as beliefs (Craske et al., 2014). While developing the treatment plan, the expert should be helping the client to identify the anxious thoughts which are contributing to the mute behaviour. He should be introducing strategies which would help him to be aware of his thoughts (Kocovskil et al. 2013). The strategies should be including recognizing his body symptoms of anxiety and identifying and challenging maladaptive beliefs. Moreover a coping plan would be developed which would help him to tackle his levels of distress (Mansson et al., 2015). Feelings of embarrassment, thinking himself to be incapable, feeling insecure are mainly results of anxiety and feelings of worry and these should be made to understand to the client. James would be taught new information through encouragement about his social skills, his inner powers, his capability to socialise well and empowering him with positive thoughts. James need to taken in what is taught to him by practicing them in homes and other social circles by means of continuous repetition. He would then be registering the new learning in his brain over and over again until it becomes automatic and habitual (Barlow et al., 2016). When James would have learnt properly, he would be able to think, act and feel differently. However this would take persistence, patience as well as practice. However the expert should mainly pay importance to the fact that the client remains adhered with the fact and make it a habit in his life to attain successful modifications of the behaviour. Proposed treatment plan: The treatment plan which should be followed by the expert for treatment of the client would be according to the Heimberg model. This would mainly comprise of 15 sessions with 60 minutes duration for each session. It would also comprise of 90 minutes of 1 session for the exposure. This treatment would require 4 months and would incorporate several important phases. The first phase is called the education about social anxiety. However, before that the expert should be sure that he has the ability to integrate the main elements of the interventions like exposure as well as cognitive restructuring (Bogels et al., 2014). He should make sure that he implements treatment in a manner which would not only be structured but also responsive to the needs of the client. In the first few sessions, the client needs to develop the ability to conceptualise his own social anxiety in the context of the model involving the primacy of cognition as well as negative consequences of avoidance and habituatio n. This would be completed in first two to three sessions of 60 minutes. The nest would be the establishing the hierarchy of feared situations. Here the client would develop the ability to help the client in constructing the hierarchy of feared and avoided social situations. With the help of the expert, he would rank them accordingly to establish the rate of degree or fear associated with it (Hedman et al., 2014). This would require 3 more sessions. The third phase would be the self monitoring phase where the client would be developing the ability to self monitor their anxiety and mood and thereby trying to troubleshoot any potential barriers. He should be doing this in his homework and it would require 2 sessions to confirm his adherence with the treatment model. The fourth is the step called cognitive restructuring which would require the expert to offer him illustrative examples stating the fact that they are not the events which are creating anxiety but are the interpretations of the events which are doing so. Experts should also appraise the validity of the clients thoughts rather than considering them as wrong (Dagoo et al., 2014). He would also help the clients to make connections between the emotions, behavioural and physiological reactions and help him to challenge the automatic thoughts. The fifth step would be exposure of the client to real life situations and debriefing after expos ure ensuring that all the perceptions of the clients have been explored and thereby providing feedback. This would require 2 sessions of 90 minutes. The last three of four therapies would mainly address the core beliefs which would help them to maintain their social anxiety properly in nature. One more 90 minutes session would be important to assure the overall progress of the effect of the treatments and to make further treatment based measures and discuss the issue of relapse (ElAlaqui et al., 2015). This also helps James to employ skills which he has learned, after treatment ends. References: Barlow, D. H., Allen, L. B., Choate, M. L. (2016). Toward a Unified Treatment for Emotional DisordersRepublished Article.Behavior therapy,47(6), 838-853. Bgels, S. M., Wijts, P., Oort, F. J., Sallaerts, S. J. (2014). 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